This post will probably be a little long, so all apologies if it gets boring. Let me clarify that lateny is totally different from throughput. Throughput is the amt of traffic that can be sent, whereas latency is how quickly it gets from point A to point B. Consider a bus and a Porsche A bus can carry a lot more people, but that doesn't mean it is still as fast as the Porsche.
This doesn't mean that the more throughput you get the slower your latency, it just means that they aren't related well, a little related, but I'll explain that in a minute.
Here are the most common causes of latency higher ping times. The first cause for delay is the amt of time required for an interface on a router or hop to put your packet onto a transmission line. If you don't like math, just take my word that this is a cause for delay and move on down to the next paragraph Ex. A second cause of delay is the physical distance it must travel. This is not a major cause of delay, and I'll stress that the number of hops has a much greater influence than distance.
A rule of thumb for latency is about 1 ms for every miles. Another cause is packet-switching delay. This latency refers to the amt of time it takes a hop to discover which interface it needs to forward your packet to. This latency depends on the speed of architecture, circuitry, and CPU of the router.
Say you are traveling from Texas to NY. You don't know how to get there so every so often you have to stop in at a gas station and ask for directions. This is what happens to a packet when you send it from your computer. If the guy at the gas station knows right where to send me, I'll be in and back out on the road in no time. But if he has to grab his map, look at things for a while etc.
Also included in packet-switching delay is queing delay. If there are a number of packets in front of yours waiting to be sent, your packet is placed in a que where it must wait.
This is what happens when a router is overloaded. Think of the gas station example above and simply add a line of people in front of you. The final cause that I'll list here is packet size. You are probably wondering why you don't see better pings by lowering your MTU. Here's the answer, unless you specify a packet size for ping to use it will always use 64 byte packets regardless of your MTU.
If you've made it this far into my rant you're probably wanting to know what can be done to speed up latency. Remember the feeling you got when you found out there wasn't a Santa Clause?
Brace yourself Latency is almost totally out of your hands. You can't choose the routers you will take to a dest. There are a few things you can do though. What could take multiple guys 2 hours or more each to find is accessed in around 15 minutes on Experts Exchange. All rights reserved. Covered by US Patent. Come for the solution, stay for everything else. Welcome to our community! Setting a global value would be an idea, but I don't know if this exists or can be done.
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